The 3 Organizational Theories And Assess Their Efforts,...

Nationwide Diploma in Business L6 ASSESSMENT TASKS Rajeev Pandey Student Id - 12001199 1.1: The 3 Organizational Theories and assess their efforts, talents, and weaknesses Classical theory: efforts: This concept helps management to divide all employees and their task description in work fields, predicated on their ability and in addition it assists business in growth of the corporation. talents :This theory has therefore talents being numerous have control, obligation. It helps to business to which method the very best for run business. weaknesses: the primary weakness associated with the concept is so it does not have good behavior they are rude it putts the bad influence on company also on connection of men and women. Humanistic concept: Contributions: this notion has large amount of share in general management it helps the employees to enhance their motivation degree, business offered them various task of works. skills: Humanistic concept has good talents to provide the free environment and workers have all of the legal rights to really helps to increase the communication skills. Weaknesses: sometimes the mangers did appreciate the ongoing work n’t done by employees and it also reduced the motivation and confidence amount of workers. Contingency concept : Contributions: In assists the business to really make the practices that are right decision generating for the business that is future. It helps the corporation just how to works in the tasks andShow MoreRelatedManaging The Global Workforce Final 1. As A Human Resource3674 Words   |  15 Pagesemployees. The average 33-year-old may respond differently then would a 55-year-old seasoned employee to an employee performance management system. Organizational behavior theories that research into how humans behave in organizations has revealed that there are hard and soft dimensions to organizational performance, and that the quality of organizational outputs is in no small measure dependent on the quality of the work force and how effectively it is utilized (Smith, 2010). This is relevant to modernRead MoreEffect of Motivation on Employees Productivity1775 Words   |  8 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY One of the most erratic of all available organizational resources is human. As a matter of fact, a major perplexing issue facing the Nigerian organization over the last few years is not that of retaining the workforce because they (the workers) want to leave voluntarily, rather, it is that of finding ways and means of retaining them because the opening environment makes it difficult to continue to keep employees beyond a certain maximum numberRead MoreManaging Change in Organisations Essay4889 Words   |  20 Pagessubmitted: June 01, 2009 Assessor(s):_______________________________________ Learning Outcomes: 1, 2, 3 Unit outcomes Outcome Evidence for the criteria Feedback Assessor’s decision Internal Verification 1 Explore the background to change affecting the current organisation (2.1) †¢ discuss the background to change that exists intoday’s economy a †¢ evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of bureaucratic organisations b †¢ compare alternative forms of Organisational Development c Read MoreManaging Organization and Leading People Essay4299 Words   |  18 Pages Organization Overview 2 Organization Description 3 Leadership Practices 4 Relationship between Leadership and Organizational Culture 7 SWOT Analysis 8 Organizational Strength 8 Organizational Weaknesses 9 Organizational Opportunities 10 Organizational Threats 10 Leadership Evaluation 11 Leadership Strengths 11 Leadership Weaknesses 13 Recommendations for Leadership Development 14 Organization Overview Organizational overview provides a framework of the organization. ItRead MoreDevelopment Of Strategic Human Resource Management3563 Words   |  15 Pagesorganizations: 6 The critical approaches to SHRM: 7 Challenges of HRM and risks involved in implementing HR practices: 9 Contributions of HRM to overall organizational strategy: 11 Conclusion: 12 Reference: 13 Introduction: Purpose of the report: The main purpose of this academic report is to reflect is to know and understand that the organizational forms of the future are going to be controlled and influenced by the scope that technology and information offers (Becker et al. 2009). Another vitalRead MoreOrganizational Development and Swot Analysis6027 Words   |  25 PagesCurrent Trends in Organizational Development and SWOT Analysis ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT i. Organizational Development (OD) is a field of research, theory, and practice dedicated to expanding the knowledge and effectiveness of people to accomplish more successful organizational change and performance. OD is a process of continuous diagnosis, action planning, implementation and evaluation, with the goal of transferring knowledge and skills to organizations to improve their capacity for solvingRead MoreBlink - Book Review1614 Words   |  7 PagesXavier Labour Relations Institute Managing Human Behaviour Assignment Blink by Malcolm Gladwell A book review by Narendran Santhanam (G10031) Contents Introduction 3 A brief summary 3 Evaluation 5 Conclusion 5 Introduction â€Å"Blink† by Malcolm Gladwell is a book about how we think without thinking, about choices that seem to be made in an instant – in the blink of an eye – that actually aren’t as simple as they seem. The book deals with the smallest components of our everydayRead MoreHuman Resources Environment at Dell5606 Words   |  23 Pagesrealization that HRM greatly influences an organization’s human and organizational resources (Jackson and Schuler). Accordingly, HRM practices can be used to gain competitive advantage over rival organizations. The extent to which HRM can be used to gain a competitive advantage and the means of achieving this are influenced by the climate in which the business operates. The impact of HRM strategy and practice on organizational performance is an important facet of any business strategy and is essentialRead MoreLeadership Skills, Mentoring, And Cultural Activities2154 Words   |  9 Pageslead aboriginal cultural practice s. Follow up work was given to the students and educators involved, and a youth liaison visited the school after the conference to conduct more follow up activities. To document the process a transition conference organizational manual was created. Four conferences with the involvement of over two hundred students were held to date. Successes of the programs Peer mentoring showed success in a few areas, two areas are highlighted. First area was enrollment and participationRead MoreEssay about The 2008 Financial Crisis3160 Words   |  13 Pagescrisis was caused by a â€Å"crisis of character† in their industry by actively seeking candidates of integrity and character? There are two components to this research question: The first draws on strategic management research and the notion of organizational legitimacy and to what degree organizations operationally respond to public opinion; the second is the concept of â€Å"character,† what it means, how it is conceptualized, measured and operationalised through the selection of new employees. I hypothesize

True Love Essay - 763 Words

Throughout many of our lives we are presented with feelings of lust and desire. During these fits of longing we are presented with many different ways to react to these conflicts, some of which aren’t the most rational way to go about coming to a conclusion. However, in most cases we will be given a new, more positive outlook on life because as humans we enjoy the unexpected surprise that is brought fourth from these internal conflicts. It is from these types of situations that we are given new meaning and purpose from these apprehensive feelings arisen from passion and love. Most of us, given the circumstance, exquisitely enjoy the feeling of immense emotional attachment to a loved/cherished one. On the other side most of us also†¦show more content†¦Mabel realizes at this point that she may be out of her mind, but she also sees that she still would like to live and this man is presenting her with a chance that could essentially bring some meaning back into her life with his passion and love. Under the circumstances this is one the things that we need to push us to make us stronger because when we are given the choice to live life with or without love most of us realize that a life without love is not a life at all. When we are given the love that we so desperately need it gives us both purpose and fulfillment which allow us to live satisfactory lives. Having love and passion also helps us feel more alive in the world because it gives us something to live for and this is defiantly displayed at the end of the story when the male has strong feelings of love towards Mabel â€Å"†¦And as she went, the blanket trailing and as he saw a glimpse of her feet and her white leg, he tried to remember her as she was wrapped in her blanket. But the he didn’t want to remember, because she had been nothing to him then, and his nature revolted from remembering her as she was when she was nothing to him† (lines 175-178). It is in this we see how sometimes in the heat of love our animal instincts take over and render us powerless but at the same time bring us meaning and purpose. When we are blinded by passionShow MoreRelatedtrue love is not true3697 Words   |  15 Pagesto write an article on LOVE for my publication book.   Love   What is love? Love is not what you assume it is. That s why so many marriages end in divorce. 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A culture can be defined as norms of the human society that is passed fromRead MoreTrue Love1188 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ True Love From a simple mixture of sexual attraction and attachment to a manifestation of the human soul, feelings of fierce romantic desire boast no shortage of theories explaining their origin and meaning. Love is as much a mystery as it is familiar, highlighting a lack of insight into the human psyche. As man attempts to unravel the endless enigmas behind this apparently paradoxical emotion, more and more questions seem to arise. What is love s true purpose? Why does it begin? How areRead MoreWhat is True Love?612 Words   |  2 PagesLove; the feeling of warm personal attachment or deep affection(Dictionary). Love is indeed a magical force of attraction that takes time to develop and requires much more than just a strong attraction. Knowing this, love at first sight is simply not possible, and this can be proven by a variety of reasons. For one the demands of a human go beyond the matter of appearance. More importantly it is important to know that the power behind true love takes time to form and is impossible to form withinRead MoreTrue Love Prevails823 Words   |  4 PagesTRUE LOVE PREVAILS True Love Prevails Wendy Cook Rowan Cabarrus Community College Abstract The Lady or The Tiger is a beautiful little story that leaves the reader hanging at its end. This is a paper arguing the possible outcome of the story. No one can ever doubt the power of true love. Even when faced with the darkest of decisions, when love is present, it always wins one way or another.Read MoreTrue Love Essay733 Words   |  3 Pagesonly day I had been feeling this, but since everyday I could remember; however, this particular day it was more prevalent than ever before. I was interrupted by my best friend, Thank you so much for bringing us to this restaurant, I love the food. Its okay I replied. Out of the corner of my eye I saw a distinct character approaching me. I was shocked, as this particular person was unable to attend. I smiled, and looked at Alexis, he sat down next to me andRead MoreWhat Is True Love?1377 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is True Love? Looking at the world today, it can be hard to recognize love. There is anger all over the world ranging from the government to terrorists. America’s news feed is filled with events of hate and devastation. CNN’s top stories include events of bombing and shootings on top of many different acts of hate. A most recent incident on CNN’s top stories list, is the Ohio nightclub shooting that took place on March 26th, killing one (Croft et. al). These reported incidents make it difficultRead MoreFinding True Love1499 Words   |  6 PagesLove; how much is hiding in these four letters, people all over the world love each other. Love is a great power which makes life so important. I think that without love, people can not live in this world. Some people have already met love. When I was growing up, I was always told that there is someone in this beautiful world for everyone, and I never seemed to believe it. I had been heart crushed by a guy I thought I loved, so ever s ince then, I thought true love could not be real. I always dreamedRead MoreThe True Nature Of Love1338 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Love? â€Å"Love, whether newly born or aroused from a deathlike slumber, must always create sunshine, filling the heart so full of radiance, that it overflows upon the outward world.† According to Hawthorne, the true nature of love should not flow from a place of contrived affection. Although Hawthorne’s notion of romantic love is rather idealistic, it starkly contrasts the way â€Å"love† functioned in Puritan society. 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Communities of Practices in a Construction Company

Question: Describe about the Report for Communities of Practices in a Construction Company. Answer: Introduction The concept of Community of Practice (CoP) is a recent denomination with a long history back to the old age. CoP is a concept of knowledge sharing and learning in an organisation. Currently, the members of every organisation are focusing on implementation of communities of practice to improve the organisational performance. It is the concept of sharing knowledge among the people belonging to the same community in regards to their profession (Kim and Yoon, 2011). Considering the benefits of communities of practices, it has grown to be a necessity in the current business scenario. Hence, the paper developed to evaluate the role of communities of practice in a construction organisation and discuss its main characteristics and functions. In order to evaluate the role of communities of practice, Al Sahel Contracting Company LCC has been chosen for the study. It is one of the reputed construction companies in the United Arab Emirates operating since 1976. ASCC employs around 350 professional experts and 2150 unskilled and skilled labours (Alsahelcon.com, 2016). Along with that, the company has several professional sub-contractors. The organisation employs professionals belonging to different communities of practice. The study presents different communities of practice that exists in the organisation and explains their characteristics and functions. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the issues and success of the community of practice in the ASCC and explains the areas of improvement in terms of sustainability. Along with that, the study discusses the strategies that are required for improving sustainability through the community of practice. Community of Practice The concept of communities of practices was first introduced by Lave and Wenger. Communities of practices are a group of people belonging to same professions sharing knowledge and experience among themselves to improve the performance of the industry. The construction industry of UAE has a community of practice for the construction organisation owners to share knowledge and implement learning to active sharing of experiences (Kim and Yoon, 2011). On the other hand, Al Sahel Contracting Company has certain other communities that involve a group of architects, civil engineers, contractors, labour union, and designers. All these communities play an active role in improving the performance of the organisation. The Architectural Association of the UAE, Society of Engineers and the UAE Contractors Association are several active Communities of Practice that controls the operations of the organisation (Robichaud and Anantatmula, 2011). The company needs to be an active member of the UAE Contractors Association to carry on with its operations in the market. Furthermore, the architects working for the ASCC must be a member of the Architectural Association of the UAE, and the engineers must get an enrolment or registration from the Society of Engineers (Kim and Yoon, 2011). All these Communities of Practice guides the operations of the professionals belonging to a particular community. On the other hand, these authorised bodies act on behalf of the entire group of professional to implement necessary rules and regulations in the market. Furthermore, the CoP act as a medium of sharing knowledge and learning that improves the skills and talents of every professional (Probst and Borzillo, 2008). The Labour Union act as a group of people who work on behalf of the contract labours to provide them with better work and work environment. The CoPs arrange meetings and conferences in which the issues met by the construction industry are discussed to provide the professionals with better strategy and solutions to the problems. Hence, it can be seen that the CoPs work on behalf of the professionals to provide them with proper assistance and knowledge sharing (Robichaud and Anantatmula, 2011). The CoPs also aims to provide the workers with learning opportunities by sharing their views and problems. On the other hand, the CoPs introduce necessary legislations that must be followed by the members to maintain uniformity in professional practices. Main Characteristics and functions The Communities of Practice that is present in the Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC presents various common characteristics and functions that are important to understand. It helps to evaluate the role of Communities of Practice in a construction company (Marcelino-Sdaba, Gonzlez-Jaen and Prez-Ezcurdia, 2015). Furthermore, the characteristics and functions help to understand how these communities work and their importance in improving the performance of the organisation. The characteristics and functions of Communities of Practice in Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC are discussed herein below: Characteristics The characteristics of CoPs in the Al Sahel Contracting Company are discussed herein below: Group of people: The Communities of Practice is made of group of people working in an organisation or in a particular industry. The group is created to maintain unity and uniformity in professional practices (Koh and Crawford, 2012). It is not a team or task force: The Communities of Practice are not a team or task force that is created to accomplish a particular task. CoPs are created to share knowledge and problems among the group members to increase their efficiency and practical skills. There must be a common practice: It is important to have some common practice among the community members (Koh and Crawford, 2012). For example, the Architectural Association of the UAE consist of all architects working in the UAE market. They have a common profession to be a member of the community. Exchange of Knowledge: Exchange of knowledge is the most important characteristic of a Community of Practice. Information is provided to the community members regarding the industry and new practices (Raymond and Bergeron, 2008). Discuss problems: The problems faced at work are discussed and experienced members share their views to provide solution to the problems (Koh and Crawford, 2012). The community members are asked to share their problems that are discussed in the seminars to develop the members skills and knowledge. Implement universal legislations: Universal rules and regulations are implemented by the Communities of Practices to maintain uniformity in the practices (Probst and Borzillo, 2008). Functions The functions of CoPs in the Al Sahel Contracting Company are discussed herein below: Share knowledge: Sharing knowledge is the most important function of CoPs. The members of the communities are asked to share their experiences and views regarding any problem arising in the industry. Furthermore, the members are taught about new technologies that can be used in the professions to which they belong to improve their performance (Raymond and Bergeron, 2008). Conduct meetings and conference: The CoPs conducts meeting on a regional or national platform to introduce the professionals to the industry leaders (Jaya and Frederika, 2015). Furthermore, the meetings and seminars are held to analyse common problems arising in the industry and get solution of the issues. Implement rules and regulations: Implementing common rules and regulations for the benefit of the community members is an important function of the CoPs (Jaya and Frederika, 2015). The Community of Practices regulates the operations of the members to maintain uniformity in the practices. Collective bargaining on behalf of the entire community: The authorised bodies act on the behalf of the entire community to collectively bargain with the employers and maintain a uniform wage rate throughout the country. Evaluation of Success and Issues of Community of Practice In the contemporary business scenario, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has identified the sustainable utilisation of Community of Practices effective for collaboration and knowledge sharing among the workforce (Talbot and Venkataraman, 2011). The identified communities of practices and organisational networks of the group have been instrumental in understanding the issues relevant to the organisational management reviewing the intricacy of the governance challenges, the efficiency of organisational decision-making, the ascendancy pattern and co-management procurements, and the existing social capital structure among the stakeholders to obtain mutual understanding (Blatt, 2008). Moreover, communities of practices have influenced the association of individuals seeking support and knowledge creating knowledge networks within the organisational structure. For instance, the team leaders of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC have established clear distinctions for the rest of the subordinates to stre ngthen the knowledge sharing tactics for professional development of the new talents. Also, the social capital structure of the group has influenced the organisational human resources to exchange sufficient knowledge and information working together as a team (Mahalingam and Levitt, 2007). Meanwhile, the communities of practices have enforced networked governance, inter-organisational governance and purposeful individual collaborations so that the knowledge sharing efforts and combined actions of the team members can form learning network effective for every individual participant (Schuiling, Cathcart and Badescu, 2008). As Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has identified the most sustainable CoPs regarding designs and functionality are concerned, significant advantages have been accomplished at the managerial level. The latest technologies have been effectively utilised within the CoPs to achieve interactive settings. For instance, telephonic conversations, video conferencing and the internet platform have been identified as the networking technologies to connect the operations of the members of CoPs (Aubry et al., 2011). The performance development of the subordinates has been one of the essential parts of the systematic process. Through the identification of the area of operations, the management of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has evaluated the most significant CoPs networks protecting the interests of the subordinates. As a result of such events, CoPs have served the organisation to be improved promoting knowledge sharing and performance assessment. On the other hand, the CoPs have contributed to creating the existence of bridges providing disciplined collaboration and diversity management (Lundin and Sderholm, 1995). In this way, the knowledge transfer can find broader standards within the organisational culture. By identifying the roles and responsibilities of the subordinates, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC Group has improvised significant activities patterns through CoPs to meet the communitys orientation creating sustainable networks in the target market. Area of improvement in Community of Practice (CoP) Group in terms of sustainability Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has unified engineers community, designers community, architects community and other distinct communities at the expertise level. Therefore, maintaining sufficient communities of practices have been the key to the organisational sustainability. In the existing business affairs, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC is needed to take a look at their engineers communities of practices to provide significant corporate sustainability in the massive target market (Sacks, 2013). The commitments of the communities are massively important to the business success of a construction organisation. As the network of connections of the engineers has shared domain interest at the corporate structure, significant CoPs collective competence can increase the productivity of the firm in an automatic way (Aubry, Mller and Glckler, 2011). As one of the large-scale construction organisation of the target market, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC needs to manage complex construction project man agements with a high level of difficulties. Hence, the activities of the architects must dictate terms for sustainable business growth. In terms of larger industry perspective such as construction industry, self-forming CoP has contributed in an efficient manner to the organisational success of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC. The designing architects community of the corporation has formed a significant community of practice providing inventiveness at the operations management (Okafor C, 2014). Meanwhile, the designing architects community of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has held the key to success. The emerging community of practices has connected the members providing opportunities of knowledge sharing through meetings and seminars. Through the identification of contemporary issues in engineering project managements, the CoPs have explored the ramifications of latest ideas and innovative thinking of the members for instrumental decision-making. By understanding the goals and objectives of the firm, CoPs core group has maintained programmatic integrity to meet the objectives of the firm (Antonio et al., 2013). Also, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLCs management has enforced knowledge and skill development programmes among the subordinates of the designing group to fix any issues linked to the project management. Evidently, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC corresponds to a cross-section of the identified CoP group so that the strategic functionality and business proposition of the cons truction firm will be highly benefitted (Tukiainen and Granqvist, 2016). The acceptance of the CoPs core group has provided the leverage to the members of the group to focus on their work on a positive note. The collective collaboration from the team members has influenced the performance standards of the participants to prove their worth securing corporate sustainability (Indelicato, 2014). Thus, Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has been highly recommended to concentrate on the designing architects community for further propagation. Strategy for improving sustainability through community of practice Different strategies can be used to improve sustainability through community of practice. It can be seen that every community works on individual perspective to improve the performance of the members belonging to a particular community. Hence, there is a need to improve the strategies of the communities of practices to improve sustainability through community of practice. The recommended strategies with proper justification are presented herein below: Communication among the communities: There is a need of proper communication among different communities of practices to improve their performance. It will help to share the problems among all members of the organisation and help to improve their performance. Furthermore, it will lead to sustainable development of business (Abaza, 1996). Communication among the communities will lead to unity in the organisation that will help the management to implement a better workplace environment. Common goal for all communities: There must be a common goal set for the members of all communities that is sharing of knowledge and improving performance in a sustainable way (Mller et al., 2013). It will help the management to seek the common targets and missions of the company. Implement technology: There is a need to implement technology in the practices of the CoPs. The organisation can develop a common community for all employees of the organisation using the social media platform to interact with each other and share their problems and views (Mller et al., 2013). The social media platform will act as a medium of learning and sharing knowledge. Implement enhanced corporate social responsibility: There is a need to implement corporate social responsibility policies in the operations of the CoPs to improve sustainability in the organisation. It will improve the performance of the CoPs and help the organisation seek growth in a sustainable manner. Conclusion As identified in the above discussion, communities of practices have enforced collective learning process including organisational subordinates in a shared sphere of influence of human endeavour. Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC has identified their management issues and problems relevant to complex business challenges to implementing effective CoPs in the required space. Meanwhile, a clique of engineers and designers of the organisation has seemed to be managed using efficient knowledge sharing techniques. Through the identification of the same issue, the engineers belonged to the CoP must explore the latest techniques to evaluate the best management methodologies. In a nutshell, in modern project development scenario, communities of practices of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC can share their concerns and issues on a given problem that is similar to each of the member. Understandably, the frequent conversations and knowledge sharing endeavour of the participants can identify the best soluti on available to the problem. Moreover, the CoPs have included three primary characteristics such as domain, community and practices within the organisational culture of Al Sahel Contracting Co LLC to manage any project management issues based on unified expertise. Conclusively, the identified communities of practices in the organisational culture of the construction firm have given the significant competitive edge to the business. References Abaza, H. (1996). Integration of sustainability objectives in structural adjustment programmes using strategic environmental assessment.Project Appraisal, 11(4), pp.217-228. Alsahelcon.com. (2016).Al Sahel Contracting Company LLC. [online] Available at: https://alsahelcon.com/about-us/introduction/ [Accessed Aug. 2016]. Antonio, R., Isabel, O., Gabriel, P. and Angel, U. (2013). A proposal for improving safety in construction projects by strengthening coordinators competencies in health and safety issues.Safety Science, 54, pp.92-103. Aubry, M., Mller, R. and Glckler, J. (2011). Exploring PMOs through community of practice theory.Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 42(5), pp.42-56. Aubry, M., Richer, M., Lavoie-Tremblay, M. and Cyr, G. (2011). Pluralism in PMO performance: The case of a PMO dedicated to a major organizational transformation.Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 42(6), pp.60-77. Blatt, R. (2008). Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Temporary Knowledge Employees.Organization Studies, 29(6), pp.849-866. Indelicato, G. (2014). A Compendium of PMO Case Studies: Reflecting Project Business Management Concepts.Project Management Journal, 45(2), pp.e4-e4. Jaya, N. and Frederika, A. (2015). An Identification of Construction Project Overheads for Sustainable Cost Management and Controlling Practices (CMCPs).AMM, 776, pp.121-126. Kim, J. and Yoon, O. (2011). The Effect of PMO Functions on IT Project Performance.The Journal of Information Systems, 20(3), pp.129-159. Koh, A. and Crawford, L. (2012). Portfolio Management: The Australian Experience.Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 43(6), pp.33-42. Lundin, R. and Sderholm, A. (1995). A theory of the temporary organization.Scandinavian Journal of Management, 11(4), pp.437-455. Mahalingam, A. and Levitt, R. (2007). Safety Issues on Global Projects.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 133(7), pp.506-516. Marcelino-Sdaba, S., Gonzlez-Jaen, L. and Prez-Ezcurdia, A. (2015). Using project management as a way to sustainability. From a comprehensive review to a framework definition.Journal of Cleaner Production, 99, pp.1-16. Mller, R., Glckler, J., Aubry, M. and Shao, J. (2013). Project Management Knowledge Flows in Networks of Project Managers and Project Management Offices: A Case Study in the Pharmaceutical Industry.Proj Mgmt Jrnl, 44(2), pp.4-19. Okafor C, W. (2014). Integration of Sustainability Principles into Construction Project Delivery.J Archit Eng Tech, 03(01). Probst, G. and Borzillo, S. (2008). Why communities of practice succeed and why they fail.European Management Journal, 26(5), pp.335-347. Raymond, L. and Bergeron, F. (2008). Project management information systems: An empirical study of their impact on project managers and project success.International Journal of Project Management, 26(2), pp.213-220. Robichaud, L. and Anantatmula, V. (2011). Greening Project Management Practices for Sustainable Construction.Journal of Management in Engineering, 27(1), pp.48-57. Sacks, R. (2013). Modern Construction: Lean Project Delivery and Integrated Practices.Construction Management and Economics, 31(4), pp.394-396. Schuiling, R., Cathcart, R. and Badescu, V. (2008). Aims, obstacles and potential stakeholders of macro-engineering projects.International Journal of Global Environmental Issues, 8(3), p.207. Talbot, J. and Venkataraman, R. (2011). Integration Of Sustainability Principles Into Project Baselines Using A Comprehensive Indicator Set.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER), 10(9), p.29. Tukiainen, S. and Granqvist, N. (2016). Temporary Organizing and Institutional Change.Organization Studies.

Performance of Organization and Employee Retention

Question: Post No. 1The advantages of removal of personal details The decision not to screen and shortlist job candidates based on personal information collected through the application form minimizes any avenue for erroneous presumptions or perceptions. It aids HR managers focus on selection based mostly on the job criteria or person specifications such that only adequate candidates are shortlisted in the end. Such criteria can be based on the six-factor formula including skills and competencies, personality and physical features, experience, qualifications, and development potential (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010); these are relevant and measurable factors that can be used to further streamline applicants regardless of sex, race or national origin. Disadvantage of removing personal details Capturing a persons biodata such as age, sex, gender, marital status, disability, race or national origin provides applicants with an equal opportunity for and fairness in employment (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010). It improves the image of the organization to the candidates especially in terms of compliance with government regulations and laws as well as international labor and human rights bodies. Discriminations are prohibited and equality is practiced. For example, the Civil Acts law and the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) code of conduct prohibit sex discrimination in payment of wages to jobs that require equal skill and effort of men and women working under the same conditions in the same establishment (Tiemo and Arubayi, 2012). It enables the effective and efficient handling of applicants after reports have been generated using such information from their biodata in order to enhance the recruitment and selection system monitoring (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010). Trends can be identified and areas for further investigation pointed out. For example the preference of the female sexes to apply for a call center position than for a place in welding is a common tre nd; type of disability can be investigated in order to streamline the shortlisting process. Such information also help facilitate the shortlisting process, structures the interview as well as provide an idea about recruitment costs with the aim of cost-effectiveness (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010).My standThe use of biodata and other personal details as part of information collection during screening and shortlisting dates back in time. The application form is the first contact between the organization and the applicant and errors resulting from the information filled in can further lead to disproportionate effects (Robertson and Smith, 2001). Most recently, there have been calls to eliminate irrelevant aspects in the application form that do not relate directly with ones ability to carry out the advertised job position (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010). Information such as gender, religion, ethnic group, sexuality, political opinion or marital status have been identified as barriers to t he provision of equal opportunity and are perceived as divisive and creating rooms for bias, favoritism or nepotism during screening and selection. This is a predominant issue during recruitment and selection in Nigeria especially in areas of gender equality women make up about 60 percent of the population but only few are offered senior managerial positions especially in the public sector (Tiemo and Arubayi, 2012). I therefore, proffer that HR managers pay close attention to the information filled in and that screening should be centered mostly on the job specifications and only personal details relating to the job position should be designed into the application form in order to recruit the best hands and eliminate areas that can give rise to bias.Post No.2Avoiding Employment Discrimination during Recruitment SelectionDiscrimination against race, gender, origin, tribe, color, etc. is not only illegal but also illogical, morally untenable and cannot work in the current globalized environment where the focus should be on attracting the best talent.Organizations with unbiased approach to diversity that focus on good candidates for the job based on merit are seen as reputable organizations to work for and are able to engage the commitment of the best talent needed to sustain their businesses.Many countries have come up with legislation or laws that protect people in employment from discrimination on the basis of gender, marriage, rage, religious and other beliefs, extra. Discrimination can either be direct and/or indirect as well as prejudice in terms of association or perception (Equality Act 2010). With direct discrimination, preferential treatment is accorded to a group of people on basis of protected characteristics that include race, sexual orientation, religion, age, gender, disability, extra. The disadvantaged group mainly includes women who work, racial, religious and ethnic minorities, people with physical or mental disabilities, young or old groups, extra.Indirect discrimination on the other hand occurs when there are conditions that make it hard for disadvantaged group to compete equally with others. A good example would be working long hours which would not favor married women with children.Prejudice comes when there are inflexible and irrational attitudes usually coming from family or friendship associations especially in situation where some groups feel that certain category of people are inferior.For discrimination to be removed, organizations need to take active measures where there is a process to identify discrimination barriers and remove them and with proper mechanism for monitoring and reporting incidents of discrimination.Case for removing personal information related to protected characteristics in the initial process of recruitmentOrganizations while recruiting should not only be seen to comply with discrimination laws but should always portray an image of mutual respect and trust that form a strong foundation for establishing a psychological contract with the people they are targeting (Pilbeam Corbridge, 2010).It should therefore be clear that candidates will be assessed on their ability and suitability and any message or indication to the contrary should be avoided as .Such information could be interpreted wrongly by government watch dogs to imply that the organization is not complying with relevant discrimination laws orThose involved in the evaluation and shortlisting process may get the opportunity to exercise personal prejudices, biases, perceptions and other unnecessary assumption that may disadvantage the vulnerable groups (Pilbeam Corbridge, 2010).The right talent may fear to respond to the advertisement thinking that there is employement discrimination in the organizationCase against removing personal information related to protected characteristics in the initial process of recruitmentThere are genuine circumstances that may support leaving personal information such as age, gend er, extra but this must be supported by a proper justification and or backed up by law. For instance:Such information can be maintained if it is captured for equal opportunities monitoring purposes and the objective is clear and the respondents will not be misled.Bona Fide Occupation Qualification Defense (BDOQ)-under different laws like Title VII of the Civil Right Act of 1964 in US, there are specific statutory circumstances or provisions one can use as a defense to discriminate against religion, sex, extra, but the justification for discrimination should be made very clear. Such justifications may include customer preference, intimate personal care like the case with patients where women prefer to be handled by fellow women and vise-versa.In US police for instance, one cannot join the force when he/she is above 50 years. A religious institution cannot recruit top managers from other regions.If there is justification for discrimination, personal information relating protected char acteristic can be maintained in the recruitment documents but in all other incidences, employment discrimination is against the laws and should be discouraged at all times.Post No. 3IntroductionOne of the most invaluable departments of an organization is the Human Resource Department and more so today than ever. This department is responsible for numerous functions of a business, especially those revolving around the staff and how they are linked to other resources and overall strategic plan. One of the key functions of this department is the selection and recruitment of employees. This is accomplished through hiring directly and/ or subcontracting some of the work or personnel. Whichever method is used, there is always a procedure to be followed and this normally includes examining the job specifications, publicizing, selecting and recruiting (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010:91, 159-178). During this process, candidates are asked to provide information about themselves that best explai ns to the potential employer why the candidate in question is best suited for the job. Some of this information is personal and the following discussion will highlight the writers opinion regarding this point. Pros for RetainingOnes personal background could be considered relevant in situations where the employer absolutely needs this information for planning purposes. For instance, where employee profiles are created and issues such as age, health are addressed in order to plan for retirement and insurance packages (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010:95). Alternatively, such information is also considered useful when an employer is looking for specific applicants, an example being female nannies within a particular age group, from a specific ethnic group simply because the potential clients requested for such specifications. Or better still if a survey is being conducted during the selection period such as the example discussed in the case study. Likewise, such information is useful in cases where the employer is creating personal files, should one be hired (pp.175-178, 192). Positives of RemovingDespite the above advantages, I strongly believe that if a business is to survive in such a competitive environment, candidate personal information is the least of its worries during selection and recruitment. Organizations should focus on details such as ones skills, qualifications, competencies, expertise, integrity, confidence, creativity and not necessarily how old one is or which race/ religion they belong to (Kumar, 2010). As long as one is well qualified and deserves the position being interviewed for, one should rightfully earn it. Most organizations give probation durations, if the new recruit is slacking and does not show any potential to perform, then he or she should be let go during or after this period. Secondly, this information should be eliminated so as to give equal opportunity to all applicants. In Munoz and Munozs report (1999), they cite situations where personal information clouded the recruiters judgment. Case in point is where some recruiters favored same gender applicants over the opposite gender. This is absolutely wrong because it negatively reflects on the organization and its employees integrity plus they probably missed out on other well qualified applicants, to which they will never know because not everyone was given a fair chance. The other reason why personal information should be left out in todays selection and recruitment process is the advancement in technology. Almost everything is currently operated through some form of technology. Businesses have had to cope with this burst of advancement or risk losing out. In the same sense, organizations should then consider their current position, the technology level they have or will need and recruit candidates that best serve the intended purpose based on such findings. The technology field is filled with all age groups, ethnicity, gender, religions. Organizations simply have to go for the best irrespective of ones personal status. What should matter the most in this case is the technology know-how and any additional desirable competencies (Pilbeam and Corbridge, 2010:97). Answers: Post 1 The decision, not to screen and shortlist job hopefuls concentrate around individual information assembled into the application structure and minimizes any road for mistaken presumptions or perceptions. It helps HR executives focus on the determination constructed for the most part as for the occupation criteria or individual decisions such that merely attractive hopefuls are shortlisted finally. Such criteria can be concentrated around the aptitudes and capacities, personality and physical contrivances, experience, abilities, and headway potential. I see that it improves the picture of the relationship between the candidates particularly in respect to pleasantness with government regulations and laws also worldwide work and human rights bodies. Post 2 Enrollment procedure is a fundamental process in the foundation where talented workforce gets gained for the profit of the firm. Separation in contracting is a bad habit that does not permit the best competitors to get utilized. It happens crosswise over race, ethnic, and sex and physical handicaps and is blocks in divisive and making spaces for slant, predisposition or nepotism in the midst of screening and determination. Affiliations while selecting should not simply be seen to consent to detachment laws yet should reliably portray a picture of regular appreciation and trust that structure a robust foundation for securing a mental contract with the people they are centering. Post 3 HR segment is in charge of various capacities of business, particularly those spinning around the staff and how they are connected to different assets and generally vital arrangement. Part of the office is the choice and enlistment of representatives. The focal points of holding are for individual arranging and valuable when a business is searching for particular candidates in the association. Organizations ought to understand the consistent changing environment and dependable intend to be in a position to adjust quickly to being adaptable. They must have a strategy set the best way of gathering this data since few candidates may discover being requested such data as interfering and redundant to the employment. References Leghari, J. M., Suleman, U., Leghari, I. B., Aslam, S. (2014). Role of HRM Practices in Performance of Organization and Employee Retention. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(31), 219-223. Schmitt, N. (2014, July). How staffing functions communicate to Organization members and the public. In Meeting the Challenges of Human Resource Management: A Communications Perspective: A Communication Perspective (p. 88). Routledge. Woods, S., Zibarras, L., Hinton, D. (2014). Recruitment and selection.

Alderfers modified need hierarchy model Essay Example

Alderfers modified need hierarchy model Essay Example Alderfers modified need hierarchy model Paper Alderfers modified need hierarchy model Paper This model condenses Maslows five levels of needs into only three levels based on the core needs of existence, relatedness and growth. Existence needs are concerned with sustaining human existence and survival, and cover physiological and safety needs of a material nature. Relatedness needs are concerned with relationships to the social environment, and cover love or belonging, affiliation, and meaningful interpersonal relationships of safety or esteem nature. Growth needs are consist of the development of potential, and cover self-esteem and self-actualisation. Alderfer proposed a number of basic propositions relating to the three need relationships. Some of these propositions followed Maslows theory, some were the reverse of the theory. Like Maslow, Alderfer suggests that individuals progress through the hierarchy from existence needs, to relatedness needs, to growth needs, as the lower-level needs become satisfied. However, Alderfer suggests these needs are more a continuum than hierarchical level. More than one need may be activated at the same time. Individuals may also progress down the hierarchy. Unlike Masolws theory, the results of Alderfers work suggest that lower-level needs do not have to be satisfied before a higher-level need emerges as a motivating influence. ERG theory states that an individual is motivated to satisfy one or more basic sets of needs. Therefore if a persons needs at a particular level are blocked then attention should be focused on the satisfaction of needs at the other levels. For example, if a subordinates growth needs are blocked because the job does not allow sufficient opportunity for personal development, then the manager should attempt to provide greater opportunities for the subordinate to satisfy existence and relatedness needs. Herzbergs two-factor theory Herzberg extended the work of Maslow and developed a specific content theory of work motivation. He used the critical incident method of obtaining data for analysis. There are two questions been asked in the study. (1) when did you feel particularly good about your job-what turned you on; (2) when did you feel exceptionally bad about you job-what turned you off? Herzberg concluded that job satisfiers are related to job content and that job dissatisfiers are allied to job context. Herzberg labeled satisfiers motivators, and he called the dissatisfiers hygiene factors. This theory is Herzbergs two-factor theory of motivation. Herzbergs original study consisted of interviews with 203 accountants and engineers, chosen because of their growing importance in the business world, from different industries in the Pittsburgh. Responses obtained from this critical incident method were interesting and fairly consistent. Reported good feelings were generally associated with job experiences and job content. An example was the accounting supervisor who felt good about given the job of installing new computer equipment. He took pride in his work and was gratified to know that the new equipment made a big difference in the overall functioning of his department. Reported bad feeling, on the other hand, were generally associated with the surrounding or peripheral aspects of the job-the job context. An example of these feeling was related by an engineer whose first job was to keep tabulation sheets and manage the office when the boss was gone. It turned out that his boss was always too busy to train him and became annoyed when he tried to ask questions. The engineer said that he was frustrated in this job context and that he felt like a flunky in a deaf-end job. The motivation-hygiene theory has extended Maslows hierarchy of need theory and is more directly applicable to the work situation. Herzbergs theory suggests that if management is to provide positive motivation then attention must be given not only to hygiene factors, but also to the motivating factors. The work of Herzberg indicates that it is more likely good performance leads to job satisfaction rather than the reverse.

Case of Pregnant Lady essays

Case of Pregnant Lady essays Was the Pregnant Teacher Unfairly Treated? Jane Mangalo an assistant professor of management just got reappointed to teach for another three years before the universitys personnel committee decides to tenure her. Over the past few semesters that Jane had been teaching, she has had received excellent ratings from her students except one semester where she did not get good reviews. During that semester Jane had been pregnant and was suffering from severe nausea and weakness that she had to use an intravenous line continuously and to sit in one place in the classroom, which prevented her from writing on the blackboard or using the projectors as she led class discussions. The universitys personnel committee found evidence of weak teaching performance in one semester, it decided to include in Janes reappointment letter that encouraged her to work on improving her teaching performances. Finding out this information, naturally Jane Mangalo was angered by the negative reference to her teaching performance. Naturally Jane felt as though she was treated unfairly because of her pregnancy. Underneath the regulations of Employment Equal Opportunity (EEO) laws, Jane is protected by The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978. This act requires employers to treat an employee who is pregnant in the same way as any other employee who has a medical condition. For instance an employer cannot deny sick leave for pregnancy-related illnesses such as morning sickness if the employer allows sick leave for other medical conditions as nausea related illnesses. For Janes situation, I assume that Jane feels as though she had received her bad report performance just because she was physically not able to teach her class like usual and was based on that one incident due to her pregnancy. If this case were related to another person who was suffering from an illness and was not capable of performing that well the ...

Effective team and performance management Assignment

Effective team and performance management - Assignment Example The key purpose of this assignment was to ensure accomplishment of a comprehensive understanding of the concept of working in teams, and various factors associated with the same such as, the manner in which teams function, how to enhance the performance of teams; avoid arguments and disagreements and working together towards a common goal; various ways to avoid conflicts within teams; the issue of leadership and emotional intelligence; the impact and influence of decision making and the skill of negotiating with team members, among others. For the purpose of accomplishing this task, i.e., that of working in teams effectively and successfully completing the various group activities assigned to us as a part of this study, we used various models and theories to support and understand the concept of effective team management. The models proposed to be used for this task include conceptual models, mathematical models as well as computational models. For instance, the Cannon-Bowers (Cannon -Bowers et al., 1995) model of team effectiveness; the Tuckman model of team development developed by Bruce Tuckman (1965); Belbin's team role theory - a model which identifies 9 team roles which are associated with each specific personality trait of the members in a team; etc among many others. Finally, my personal reflections of the tasks performed based on my individual experiences will be explained using the John's (2000) model of structured reflection which includes three key factors i.e. experience, reflection and alternative action. These models and theories will be applied to the group activities assigned to us, in order to interpret, examine and analyze the manner in which the concept of team performance and management functions. 2. Reflection For the purpose of this segment, three key tasks undertaken by us will be described, and the corresponding experiences and issues associated with the same, will be reflected upon in a brief manner. The formation process of our team ca me through coincidence such as when tutor asked everyone to form a group; our group came into existence due to the fact that we were sitting in a same row at that very time. The group was consisted of multicultural members. I was both excited as well as nervous since this was my first time working with such a multicultural group. Before we could work on the assigned tasks, all the team members were given a Belbin questionnaire, based on which our roles in a team would be decided. According to the results of this questionnaire, I was assigned the role of a team worker and implementer. The rest of the team members were assigned appropriate roles according to their respective results. This worked in the favour of our team, since we all were best suited for the roles assigned to us, and helped us function effortlessly. Task 1: Egg flying contest. Description of the task assigned: For the purpose of this task, the team members were asked to choose 5 out of 7 resources provided to them, t o enable the egg to be dropped from 2m without breaking it. It also required the teams to select leaders and each team was assigned a time limit of 15 minutes, to accomplish this task. Key issues faced: The key issue faced during this task was deciding on the resources to be selected, that would help us in successfully executing the activity, without breaking the eggs. The members were divided on the opinion regarding which resources to choose, and there were lot of discussions and debates

Zora Neale Hurston and James Langston Hughes Essay

Zora Neale Hurston and James Langston Hughes - Essay Example http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/manuscript/hurston/hurston.htm This site contains listings of available documents on Hurston's Correspondence, Manuscripts, Biographical and Critical Papers, Reference Material and Photographs, Medals and Tapes.Access to the documents require a registration with the Special Collections Access Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston The Wikipedia page on Zora Neale Hurston contains extensive material on the author's background and career, politics, public obscurity and acclaim. "In 1925, shortly before entering Barnard, Hurston became one of the leaders of the literary renaissance happening in Harlem, producing the short-lived literary magazine Fire!! along with Langston Hughes and Wallace Thurman. This literary movement became the center of the Harlem Renaissance" (Wikipedia). The section on politics contains insightful material regarding Hurston's beliefs and convictions on libertarianism, religion, feminist individualism and segregation .http://www.zoranealehurston.com/ The official Zora Neale Hurston website by the Estate of Zora Neale Hurston and HarperCollins contains Hurston's biography and chronology among others. The site describes Hurston as "one of the pre-eminent writers of twentieth-century African-American literature". A link to http://www.zoranealehurston.ucf.edu/ provides a lengthy biography written by Anna Lillios.http://www.jerryjazzmusician.com/mainHTML.cfmpage=Kaplan.html The Zora Neale Hurston page contains an interview with Carla Kaplan, editor of Zora Neale Hurston: Life in Letters. ... blic office, in 1855." The site contains direct quotes from Hughes' works which define his convictions, '"We younger Negro artists now intend to express our individual dark-skinned selves without fear or shame."' '"I tried to write poems like the songs they sang on Seventh Street... (these songs) had the pulse beat of the people who keep on going."' http://myhero.com/poets/hughes.asp A page by Jeff Trussel containing Trussel's appreciation of Langston Hughes as a "fiercely poetic" Black American who "wanted his audience to taste the whole of the African-American experience". Trussel believes that "With the advent of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s, the relatively genteel world of American poetry was shaken to its foundations. Strong black voices broke out all over the country. Of this remarkable creative outpouring, one voice rose among all of the rest. This was the voice of poet Langston Hughes." The link to http://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/catalog/84mbk9qw9780252064746.html provides previews to Hughes' essays and a description of the work where Hughes "as a columnist for the famous African-American newspaper the Chicago Defender chronicled the hopes and despair of his people. For twenty years, he wrote forcefully about international race relations, Jim Crow, the South, white supremacy, imperialism and fascism, segrega tion in the armed forces, the Soviet Union and communism, and African-American art and culture. None of the racial hypocrisies of American life escaped his searing, ironic prose." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langston_Hughes The Wikipedia page on Langston Hughes contains lengthy material on the writer's life, career and political views. It includes interesting notes on Hughes' relationship with his father, '"I had been thinking about my father

Health Care Informatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health Care Informatics - Essay Example Roberta L. C (2001). Despite the dynamic nature of the required knowledge base, Healthcare informaticians must absorb a significant body of domain (healthcare, Computer Science, Systems instance, etc.) knowledge. These domain knowledge elements are the conceptual objects (the components of the professional's elaborated knowledge elements wherein each element is linked to related elements) required to support reasoning about problems and solutions. This domain knowledge must be the deepest and most comprehensive to support the Innovator and Theoretician roles. Despite the needs of healthcare organizations for personnel with the both the skills and the knowledge, most Healthcare Informatics curricula should be centered with a focus on the domain knowledge component. This is especially true of those programs oriented to producing Theoretical Healthcare Informaticians. Roberta L. C (2001). The healthcare fraternity is faced with challenges in the 21st century, a millennium that has been characterized with globalization. Most countries are looking for quality, cost-effectiveness, and personal satisfaction from their healthcare providers. The healthcare industry, responding to this highly competitive market, is reorganizing, consolidating, and integrating to form a new healthcare delivery structure that will enable the delivery of high quality, cost-effective care to everyone. However, healthcare entities find it difficult to accurately determine costs associated with treatments. They have little or no basis for understanding costs associated with their services or tradeoffs associated with in-house versus contracted professional services due to lack of consistency across practices. As a result, many healthcare entities take on significant risk when either bidding or letting a capitated contract. Ongoing consolidation and affiliation of healthcare organizations increase s uncertainty in cost projections and hence the complexity associated with efficient management. Roberta L. C (2001). Scope Macro health challenges of the 21st century must be addressed early on to provide opportunities for bettering individual and community health. The use of population data for disease surveillance can lead to better prevention and control of diseases and improved coordination of prevention efforts and medical care. An accurate definition of community health and disease status will facilitate health policy and resource allocation for health service delivery worldwide. Fright G. (1998). Coordination to the extent necessary to undertake the issues presented above requires the availability of "the right data to the right people at the right time in the right format for the right cost", made possible through open, interoperable and secure systems. Clinical repositories must support the efficient sharing of data, information and knowledge across the continuum of care, including clinical, administrative, and knowledge services. Such access to sensitive data raise privacy and security issues, prevalent among all information technology domains, but especially sensitive in healthcare. The risk of unauthorized access or disclosure of patient data and the lack of integrity of the information must be mitigated. Roberta L. C (2001). The Vision Industry has formulated a vision of the

The Development Of Technology In Travel Industry Tourism Essay

The Development Of Technology In Travel Industry Tourism Essay According to unknown, 2012 in the hospitality industry, it is absolutely vital that companies stay on top of consumer demand in an attempt to maintain their competitive advantage. In the current technologically driven business industry, it has become increasingly important for businesses to utilize every bit of information and data collected from current and potential customers when examining ways of remaining competitive in the hospitality industry. Pertaining to (William et` al, 1999) delivering quality service in the hospitality industry can be a major challenge facing hospitality managers in the opening years of the next millennium. It will be an essential condition for success in the emerging, keenly competitive, global hospitality markets. While the future importance of delivering quality hospitality service is easy to discern and to agree on, doing so presents some difficult and intriguing management issues. Since the delivery of hospitality service always involves people, these issues center on the management of people, and in particular on the interactions between guests and staff, interactions that are called service encounters. In the eyes of our guests, our hospitality businesses will succeed or fail depending on the cumulative impact of the service encounters in which they have participated. Hospitality industry would include hotels, restaurant and other related tourism organizations. This means that the tourists have to encounter with staffs, therefore the industries have to have good customer representative that can communicate with their guest and help them resolve their issues. There are three elements in the hospitality which motels. Includes restaurant that provide beverages and food entertainment by the theatre and accommodation provide by the industrial service. In the service delivery in the hospitality industry and service delivery in other businesses there are little are no differences because they both have good customer service which is very important in both industries, they both provide quality service to increase their revenue and to ensure that they satisfy their customer needs and want in the industry. The significant impact on the development of technology in travel and tourism industry Technology in travel and tourism industry in today world control and deliver swiftness and power your need to achieve your business ambitions. It is also delivers effective solution to meet their customers precise business needs increasing profit and work rate improving customer relation and decreasing cost. However you can depend on technology with the travel and tourism industry to improve the communication process. When communicating with technology you save time and money wisely and disengage from computer frequently to communication in person and help people to keep in touch with co-workers and traders in need of information. therefore technology in the industry improve the communication process, poorly design are in appropriately use technology can inner communication with workers more than it helps and it can be used in the industry to find explore analysis to exchange and present information responsively without discrimination, it also increase internationally and has speed u p the process of globalization. According to Rosendo (cuyasen, 2012), New Technology and media has changed the way of tourism. Travelers turn to the internet to research on potential destinations and do bookings online. They even include sharing their experiences of the trips they go to. The executive director of Ctrip.com said that consumers know more about the industry and travel businesses cannot make money from the information gap anymore. The past ten years has empowered consumers greatly. A great majority of travelers do their search online for bookings, travel guides and visas. According to John Liu, the executive vice-president and head of Greater China at Google, 85% of travelers do their research on the net and the average traveler does 55 online searches before a booking. Comparing and looking for information is very easy now and all kinds of information are available on the internet. Pertaining to Keith Evans, (Evans, 1999-2012) with the explosion of technological advancements in the mid and late 20th century, tourists discovered increasing access to a growing array of destinations. From promoting destinations and attracting traveler attention to enabling instant reservations and payment collection, communication technology continues to exhibit a significant impact on the tourism industry and travel in general. Communication technology plays a considerable role in travel and tourism, as much of modern tourism revolves around the ability of tourist destinations to communicate their benefits to potential visitors and the ability of those visitors to reach out to points of interest at the destination. Advantages and disadvantages of technology in the travel and tourism industry According to leelingz, (leelingz, 2011) nowadays, technology has advanced in tremendous leaps and bounds. We cannot imagine the world without technological advances such as computer, televisions, and machines and so on. However there are some advantages and disadvantages of technology. First of all, technologies play a very important role in society because it makes life easier to live on and less time consuming. Technology has the ability to create shortcuts in working. People do not have to do all the hard labor anymore. People use technology to plan their trip which makes it more convenient and easy. They can research destination to their own pace, shop around for the best fares and hotel deals, and make reservations right from your computer. On the contrary, technology also brings harm to our society. The booming of industrialization and development causes pollutions to our world. For example, the smoke from the vehicles and machines affects the quality of air and destroy the ozo ne layer. In addition, technologies also create financial problems in families because most of the technologies are expensive like computers. People that cannot afford to buy this kind of technology will live in a stressful life. On my views the important of technology in the travel and tourism industry is to get information through research, help to increase the organization revenue, to get information across to their customers and other related organizations, delivers great speed, reach audience that is physically separated from the sender and increase access ability and openness in an organization and bad part about technology is that it can create tension and conflict, easy to be over used, often lack privacy and can seriously drain employment productivity. But in my case without technology the industry could not keep up their infrastructure to keep attracting the visitor and keep the place in order. Community base tourism According to (oikos, 2009) Community based tourism is tourism in which local residents (often rural, poor and economically marginalized) invite tourists to visit their communities with the provision of overnight accommodation. Community based tourism enables tourists to discover local habitats and wildlife, and celebrates and Respects traditional cultures, rituals and wisdom. The community will be aware of the commercial and social value placed on their natural and cultural heritage through tourism, and this will foster community based conservation of these resources. Community-based tourism affords travelers with rare opportunities to experience local communities first hand. Its distinctive in that it provides an alternative to development thats not sustainable, giving rural and poor communities an additional source of income. In supporting community-based tourism, you can immerse yourself in the day-to-day lives of local and indigenous people while helping them to preserve their environment and cultural heritage. The residents earn income as land managers, entrepreneurs, service and produce providers, and employees. At least part of the tourist income is set aside for projects which provide benefits to the community as a whole. Tourists will spend time near areas that are rich in culture and biodiversity, and, at the same time, will get to know the locals at the grassroots level. Many successful experiences in development countries prove that tourism can become a leading sector for the people who conserve natural resources and live on it. Local people of these countries jointly cooperate in Community Based Tourism and this gives not only economic benefits for them but also becomes an example of community involved decision making. A community by definition implies individuals with some kind of collective responsibility, and the ability to make decisions by representative bodies. Localsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ participation, traditional culture, cross-cultural issues and raise of local income are basic principles of tourism and it is fundamental to get more in depth for development countries where tourism is dominantly operate by great foreign companies. Usually familiesà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ interviews make obvious that locals are interested to take part in tourism activities but they donà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t know how. Often the creation of Community Based Tourism is the best solution for local people or at least a great help for them for example in these countries where the main income is from livestock and the desertification, the spread of unproductive land deprived of vegetation, is one of the main concerns. Community Based Tourism is the jointly planned and managed tourism activities of local group: this new business never can be the main or only income source of the communities and cooperatives but can be additional income possibility. Issues like generating additional incomes for locals and reducing impacts on environment are included in the government policy about tourism, but there has been little implementation and no integrated policy at the national level. The pros and cons of community base tourism Base on the information of (mozer, 1995-2012)Advantage -depending upon implementation some of these can turn into disadvantages. Employment- (1 emp/1000 tourist) labor intensive, few administrative positions, little upward mobility. Infrastructure development -roads, water, electricity, telecom and cybercom, but not necessarily local priorities. Cultural preservation- economic incentives to preserve food, fashion, festivals and physical history, but these tend to be superficial elements of a culture. Environmental protection- econ incentives to preserve nature, wildlife and urban cleanliness. Foreign exchange .generates resources to import food, pharmaceuticals, technology, consumer goods. Development of health care services -those these arent always available to local people. Disadvantages -depending upon implementation some of these can turn into advantages. Cultural destruction-(modernization world mono-culture), freezes culture as performers, loss: language, religion, rituals, material culture. primary products- sun, sand, surf, safari, suds, ski, sex (little value added, neo-colonialism) Environmental destruction -game drives, resorts: golf, ski, beach, desert, world as playground, SUV. Marginal employment -low skill, low wage, menial services, prostitution, drug trade, gambling, hustlers. Low benefits -no job security, no health care, no organizing, and no work safety rules or environ standards. Development of illegal and/or destructive economic activities- markets for drugs, endangered species, etc. Outside hiring- skilled middle and senior management recruited out of the area and transferred in. Concentration employment -walled resort enclaves. seasonal employment Outside decision making-decisions made outside of the area, corporate dollars corrupt government. Unrealistic expectations-divert young people from school and brighter futures. anti-democratic collusion- industry support of repressive governments Land controlled by the elite -people relocated, agriculture eliminated, prohibited from N.P. negative lifestyles (STDs- substance abuse, begging, hustling diverted and concentrated development -airport, roads, water, electricity to tourist destinations, development not accessible to locals little forex stays in country -airplanes, vehicles, booze, hot air balloons, generally have foreign owners package programs Cruises -eat and sleep on board so the economic benefit to the ports-of-call is very thin and limited. Unstable market -fickle, affected by local and world events, generally highly elastic. Health tourism -traveling to get medical procedure at lower cost has its own set of unique challenges, which include: Determining the credential, skills and quality of the facility and personnel. Language communication challenges on topics requiring a lot of details, sometimes even when both parties seemingly speak the same language. Different cultural issues and expectations around health care and the body. Post-treatment complications, after the tourist has left the facility.

Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papers

Privacy and the Internet The natural progression of the Internet and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives both personally and professionally. Instantaneous communications and available on-line services continue to reduce the physical distance between individuals. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, schooling and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers are shifting from a product centric approach to a more personal and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of one-to-one marketing is very powerful and has become an important tool for competing in the interactive age. One-to-one marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling; customers are treated as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention; when we visit a web site we want to see products and services of interest to us not every available product. We do not want to waste our time. For many people, time is money and the convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. Are the benefits of electronic communication at the expense of our privacy? How does the Internet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the issue of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how much personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clearly defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide will be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the press of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, washing machines that can access the Internet to determine the best wash cycle for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. http:www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002). Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the Electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States: McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327. Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States: McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327. Privacy And The Internet Essay -- Web Cyberspace Internet papers Privacy and the Internet The natural progression of the Internet and emerging technologies is towards streamlining our lives both personally and professionally. Instantaneous communications and available on-line services continue to reduce the physical distance between individuals. Almost anything is now available in cyberspace from shopping, schooling and education, on-line trading, banking, to social and political on-line communities. On-line service providers are shifting from a product centric approach to a more personal and customized approach to marketing their products and services. The idea of one-to-one marketing is very powerful and has become an important tool for competing in the interactive age. One-to-one marketing takes a customer-orientated approach to selling; customers are treated as individuals with different interests and needs. We respond positively to individual attention; when we visit a web site we want to see products and services of interest to us not every available product. We do not want to waste our time. For many people, time is money and the convenience factor ways heavily on the decision to return to a web site. Are the benefits of electronic communication at the expense of our privacy? How does the Internet affect the availability and use of our personal information? The Internet brings another dimension to the issue of privacy. Whether you are voting on-line or buying a book from Amazon.com you must consider how much personal information has been collected about you, with or without your consent, and how it can be used. Policies governing privacy on the Internet are still not clearly defined and many on-line users do not understand how the information they provide will be used. How much... ...activity are all available at the press of a button. Soon we will have on-line refrigerators that can place grocery orders, washing machines that can access the Internet to determine the best wash cycle for a delicate fabric and Internet connectivity available from every room in the house. If we reap the benefits of communications technology, we must expect to pay the price with our privacy. Works Cited Bridis, Ted. Comcast Tracks Users Web Browsing. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 2002. http:www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/politics/wire/sns-ap-internet-privacy/0212feb12.story (25 Feb 2002). Grossman, Lawrence K. The Shape of the Electronic Republic. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States: McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327. Birkets, Sven. Into the Electronic Millennium. Composing Cyberspace. Richard Holeton. United States: McGraw-Hill, 1998, 311-327.

Clara Barton

Clara Barton was a true pioneer and humanitarian. She is a well known woman in American history due to her participation in the Civil War and her founding of the American Red Cross. She became a teacher at a time where most teacher's were men. She was one of the first woman to ever be hired by the Federal government and was an inspiration for all women during her lifetime and forever after NATURE Clara Barton loved nature through her natural ability to nurture. As a very caring and giving women she looked to helping anyone and everyone around her. â€Å" The conflict is one thing I've been waiting for.I'm well and strong and young†¦.. young enough to go to the front. If I cannot be a soldier, I'll help the soldiers†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (http://womenshistory. about. com/od/bartonclara/a/clara_barton_quotes. htm) This quote gives a better understanding on Miss Barton's views of the world around her. She cared for these men that fought so valiantly and brave. She wanted to do anything s he could to help. Clara began her civil war service by providing supplies to the troops. Showing her natural ability to nurture, she personally cared for the troops who needed nursing services.Her views on nature were to save as many lives as possible. Without sustained life, we would not have any nature to appreciate. She made sure that would continue with her self sacrificing decision to help wounded soldiers on the battlefield. This can also be seen with her founding of the American Red Cross. SUPERNATURAL â€Å"Your belief that I am a Universalist is as correct as your greater belief that you are one yourself, a belief in which all who are privileged to possess it rejoice†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (http://www. uuquincy. org/projects/stamps/14clarabarton. htm) A quote from Ms.Barton in a letter to her friend in 1905 about her beliefs throughout her life. Her parents raised her to believe in Universalism. As a child she attended the Universalist Church in Oxford, Massachusetts. Alway s keeping faith with her church she wrote â€Å" In this church I was reared. In all its reconstructions and re modelings I have taken a part, and I look anxiously for a time in the near future when the busy world will let me once more become a living part of its people, praising God for the advance in the liberal faith of the religions of the world today, so largely due to the teachings of this belief†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. http://www. uuquincy. org/projects/stamps/14clarabarton. htm) As a universalist, Miss Barton believed in a universal salvation who welcome all and respect individual beliefs. UNIVERSE Considering that Clara was a Universalist by religion, It is only fitting that her thoughts on life are opened by the possibilities of the Universe itself. Universalism believes that personal experience, conscience and reason should be the final authorities in religion†¦. thus leaving a persons relationship between themselves and their surroundings an open book.This unique point of view about life allowed her to follow what was in her heart and mind. Believing in the search for the truth, there were no ties to one specific point of view but instead an open state of mind that allowed her to focus on the things that she cared about, helping those in need and being there for everyone who needed her. TIME Miss Barton's time while she was alive was well spent. From teaching at the age of 16 to becoming a civil war nurse at the age of 40, her time was always filled with something for to do.Even as a child she had a need to be needed. If she was not busy, she would become depressed. Thus, she tended to and did whatever she could to stay busy and keep her mind from falling into the darkness of depression. As a teacher she was able to mold young minds and keep herself busy, yet it was not until the civil war that she was able to put her time and nursing services to use. A time line from 1861-1865 allows us to see how she was able to provide relief to the many wounded i n the civil war. April 1861 in Washington D. C. Miss Barton assisted soldiers wounded in Baltimore, Maryland August-September 1862 in Virginia – She attended to the wounded in the second Battle of Bull Run at Manassas, Cedar Mountain, Chantilly, Harper's Ferry and South Mountain. September 1862- Sharpsburg, MD- Clara Barton brought much-needed medical supplies and attended to the wounded during and after the Battle of Antietam. December 1862 in Falmouth, VA- She attended to the wounded from the Battle of Fredericksburg. April-Dec 1863 in Hilton Head and Morris Island, S. C. She transferred from VA to be closer to her brother David, a U. S. Army Captain. There she established hospitals for the wounded from the Battle of Fort Wagner and distributed supplies to Union soldiers after the battle at Charleston. May-Jun 1864- Fredericksburg, VA- She attended to the wounded of the Battle of Spotslyvania Court House and the Battle of Cold Harbor. June 1864 – January 1865- Anders onville, GA – Assisted in the identification of graves for missing soldiers at the former Confederate prison. At the conclusion of her work, the site was dedicated as the first national cemetery.After the flag was raised in dedication of the national cemetery, Clara wrote â€Å" I ought to be satisfied. I believe I am. †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (http://chapters. redcross. org/atlanta/History/clara_barton. htm) Future events would prove the she was never satisfied unless she was responding to the call of human need. HUMANITY Clara Barton was born to assist. Even though as a child she was shy and timid, she quickly found ways of overcoming those obstacles such as teaching. â€Å" Child that I was, I did not know that the surest test of discipline is its absence†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. http://clarabartonbirthplace. org/site/? q=node/2) At the age of 16 she became a teacher in North Oxford, Massachusetts. Clara was and excellent teacher and was highly regarded for her ability to teach and produc e disciplined children without any physical punishment. â€Å" Show me a child well disciplined, perfectly governed at home, and I will show you a child that never breaks a rule at school†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (http://clarabartonbirthplace. org/site/? q=node/2) She spent most of her life teaching and enjoyed every minute of it but soon enough she was ready for an new challenge.At the age of 40, The civil war had begun and she was ready to take on the the challenge of whistling bullets and booming artillery all around her as she tended to the men in need of medical attention on the battlefield. â€Å" I may be compelled to face danger, but never fear it, and while our soldiers can stand and fight, I can stand and feed and nurse them†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (http://womenshistory. about. com/od/bartonclara/a/clara_barton_quotes. htm) Clara Barton's humanity is clearly shown by her courageous actions on the battlefields of the civil war. FATE I have an almost complete disregard of precedent and a fait h in the possibility of something better. It irritates me to be told how things always have been done†¦ I defy the tyranny of precedent. I cannot afford the luxury of a closed mind. I go for anything new that might improve the past†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. http://womenshistory. about. com/od/bartonclara/a/clara_barton_quotes. htm A quote from Clara Barton that describes in detail how she feels about fate and destiny. She feels that keeping an open mind will allow anyone the ability to see things clearly and not in black and white.As an avid supporter for an open mind, she believed that life would be what anyone could make of it. As stated at the end of the quote†¦.. â€Å"I go for anything new that might improve the past†, She is stating that as a people, we should look at our past mistakes and work for the better. Improving our livelihoods should be what living is for. There is no destiny or fate but only what we are able to do to help create a positive outcome. LAW â€Å" Everybody's business is nobody's business, and nobody's business is my business†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (http://womenshistory. about. om/od/bartonclara/a/clara_barton_quotes. htm) Clara Barton was a good negotiator at certain times but she was not at all shy about using the law to her advantage. Even with her basic understanding of law, Clara was able to negotiate her way onto the battlefields to help her fellow Union brothers. As head of the missing person's office that was established with the support from President Lincoln, she was the first women bureau head in the U. S. Government. She prided herself with that fact that not only did she respect all others but for the fact that others respected her greatly.Timelessly know as the â€Å"Angel of the Battlefield†, Clara Barton will always be remembered for her humanitarian efforts as well as her persistence and determination to help wounded soldiers during the Civil War. Countless lives were saved during that conflict and count less lives are saved today thanks to her founding of the American Red Cross. Clara Barton was one of a kind, she proved to the world what the labors of one woman alone could accomplish and she will always be remembered as an American Hero.

what essays

what essays Winter can be very brutal at times. The cold harsh winds and freezing rain can put anyone in a bad mood. Sometimes, cold weather can cause us to be just as cold in personality as it is cold The poem's words are what really make me "feel" this piece. The use of cacophony in the poem makes me feel like I am back at home with my own parents during the wintertime. When the speaker says, "blueblack cold," and "cracked hands that ached..." I shiver just a little. Even when he goes on to say, "No one ever thanked him", it takes me even further back to those days of being home with my father. I remember very well, waking up and waiting for the house to warm up. My father had usually gotten up at around 4:30 a.m., lit the heater and made his coffee while watching the morning news. It would be dreadfully cold in our rooms so we didn't get out of bed until we could feel the heat coming slowly down the hallway like a ghost. We knew it was coming and could not wait until it got there. -angers" of the house that Hayden spoke about. Although we saw him everyday, we did not really talk to him much unless we wanted something. You kids can be, because if we wanted something he would give to us and we hardly ever said, "Thank You" and meant it. The speaker seems to voice my thoughts exactly at the end, "What did I know, what did I know of love's austere and lonely offices?" Back at home, we always thought that my dad just did those things for us so that he would get some recognition. Although recognition is nice, I realize now that he did all of those things for us a parent. She is the one that has to tiptoe around the house when she knows that after having a hard day, I don't want to hear a sound. The tables have turned and now I am my parents went through with us. Mr. Hayden was right, who knows unless they go through themselves. ...

Dave lives in Dale City

Dave lives in Dale City, California through all the seasons. In my book Daves mom abused him though out his child life. The teachers at the elementary school were he goes knew there was something wrong. His mom would make him ware the old close over and over without washing them he never got new close to ware. He never had a bath unless his mom was not home then he would take one. The teacher would say something to his mom and he would come home from school and his mom would beat him more then usual. The teacher found this out and turned it in to the police Dave was taken away from his family, and he was put into a foster home. Dave always got along with other foster children, but he never stayed in one place to long during his stay in. Dave mad several mistakes in his life at one foster home he became friends with a large kid and got into some trouble. The kid that he became friends with told him to be accepted in his group he would have to slit the principals tier o! n his new car. Dave chooses not to do that. The kid accepted that and he choose another thing for him to do. That was to help him burn the school down. Dave thought he was joking, but he decided to go to the school when the kid asked him to, so he did. When he got there the kid had already started the fire and could not put it out. Dave put the fire out, and got out of the school before the police could see him, but one little girl said that she had seen him and pointed him out. He got in trouble and had to go to juvy hall. Then got moved to a different home. The home he got moved to had just got into the foster thing and they didnt last very long. He lived in many different homes. He then got with one family and lived with them for a while. With this family he was happy and had friends and a nice place to live. They soon started fighting a lot and he decide that he woul

Antigone Written Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Antigone Written Response - Essay Example A tragic figure is someone who indeed has pride but is compelled to have an open mind when it comes to matters that involve others. And being the kind, it was a premier characteristic for a tragic hero to understand the repercussions of his actions before he set forth in giving exacting decisions. The fact that being rejected made Creon decide the fate of a person based from personal grudges is simply not heroic. Although he does not qualify in the definition of a tragic figure, he still possesses some characteristics that can be treated with nobility. He came from a good lineage, albeit the fact that he inherited the crown with twisted means, and he has what it takes to take over an entire kingdom. His pride and composition makes for a talented king, one which will be able to defend his constituents when the need arises. However, his actions as a king must be measured. This he had proven as his weakness, for in the end he has led to the tragic affairs that would forever taint his rule. Compared with Antigone, Creon is the weaker character. Antigone is a good example of a tragic figure, one which clings to her ideals if she knows they are right and would demand to be heard before she made her own means. Her actions towards the burial of an important person prove how fearless she is. And when it comes to dying, she chose to die with honor. Creon, in contrary, lack the courage it took Antigone to take her own life. That and that alone, is enough proof that Creon is nothing like Antigone. He is nothing like the sort of man a woman could trust decisions in. He failed to discuss his options and saw the fruit of indecision leading to untoward events. As king, it was his obligation to care for his minions, which he never fulfilled with satisfaction. In argument, sympathy can be felt for him at the end of the play when the actions he had started led to a vile event that he had not seen coming. Indeed, no one would have